Social Security to Add Early Onset Alzheimer's Benefit

All to often people who suffer from disease are unable to get care due to insurance company limitations and policies, lack of insurance or finances to cover expenses.  Sometimes folks are left with Social Security Benefit applications for their care.

In its effort to improve and expedite the disability determination process, the Social Security Administration (SSA) has announced that it will add early-onset Alzheimer's disease to its Compassionate Allowances Initiative. The initiative identifies debilitating diseases and medical conditions that meet the SSA's disability standards for Social Security Disability Income (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI). 

Social Security is launching this expedited decision process with a total of 50 conditions.  Over time, more diseases and conditions will be added.  A list of the first 50 impairments -- 25 rare diseases and 25 cancers -- can be found at www.socialsecurity.gov/compassionateallowances.

This recent development will lead to increased care more quickly for those who could not otherwise afford it.

Since 2003, the Alzheimer's Association has been advocating on behalf of individuals with early-onset Alzheimer's as they navigate the Social Security disability determinations process and welcomes the SSA's decision. Until now, individuals with early-onset Alzheimer's disease have faced a myriad of challenges when applying for SSDI or SSI, including a long decision process, initial denials, and multiple appeals.

Today's decision will simplify and streamline the SSDI/SSI application process and decrease the wait time for benefits, which for some has lasted as long as three years. There are currently an estimated 5.3 million Americans with Alzheimer's disease. Although the majority of Alzheimer cases are individuals age 65 and older, a significant number of people under age 65 are also affected by this fatal disease and have few financial options other than the Social Security disability program. 

This good news comes at a time when politics has brought the issue of universal health care to a stand still.  It always intrigues me that certain folks think the "right" to choose a doctor, hence stumping public/social or universal health care, exists.  While, at the same time, those folks shun the idea that anyone has a "right" to not be subject to Rendition based on suspicion, or the "right" of due process.

What ever your reflection on the matter, the recent Compassionate Allowances Initiative moves us in the right direction.
 

Cigarette and Alcohol Use Contribute to Alzheimer's

Most interesting news pegging the tobacco-industry.

A UCSF analysis of published studies on the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and smoking indicates that smoking cigarettes is a significant risk factor for the disease. After controlling for study design, quality of the journals, time of publication, and tobacco industry affiliation of the authors, the UCSF research team also found an association between tobacco industry affiliation and the conclusions of individual studies. Industry-affiliated studies indicated that smoking protects against the development of Alzheimer's Disease, while independent studies showed that smoking increased the risk of developing the disease.

Study findings were published online in the January issue (19:2) of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.  

Alcohol Use Found in Cognitive Decline

Studies of alcohol use and cognition among the elderly are rare and have mixed results. A study of drinking among the elderly in Brazil has found that heavy alcohol use is associated with more memory and cognitive problems than mild-to-moderate alcohol use, especially among women.

Results will be published in the April 2010 issue of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research .
 

 

More on High Blood Pressure

Since I recently posted on the topic linking high blood pressure to dementia, I came across my doctor's newsletter on Blood Pressure.  I reprint it here for those interested.

The leading cause of death and disability in the United States is from cardiovascular diseases, and the most common disease is high blood pressure.  High blood pressure, also known as
hypertension, usually does not have any symptoms – hence, the nickname “silent killer.”

Unfortunately, one-third of those who have high blood pressure do not realize it and are not aware of their risk for heart disease. Therefore, many people live years without treatment, possibly damaging their heart, blood vessels, and kidneys.

Lifestyle choices (e.g., weight control, tobacco use, proper nutrition, regular exercise) can help
prevent and/or control high blood pressure. The following are common questions and answers about blood pressure.

What is blood pressure?

It is the force of blood against the walls of arteries. Systolic pressure (the top number) is the force as the heart beats. Diastolic pressure (the bottom number) is the force as the heart relaxes.

A blood pressure reading of 120/80 mmHg is articulated as “120 over 80.”

What is the meaning of the numbers?

A systolic pressure of 120 or less is considered normal. Diastolic pressure of 80 or less is considered normal. Therefore, 120/80 or less is a normal blood pressure. The chart below shows normal blood pressure levels, as well as the levels of high blood pressure.

What are the dangers of high blood pressure?

High blood pressure places an additional strain on the circulatory system (i.e., heart and blood vessels).  This strain results in arteries becoming thicker, narrower, and weaker, sometimes causing an obstruction.  A completely obstructed artery often leads to heart attacks, strokes, kidney disease, and dementia.

Is low blood pressure a health problem?

The training effect of regular exercise, especially when working out rigorously, is a lower blood pressure. At times, an individual who does not exercise may experience regular low blood pressure. If symptoms do not accompany the low pressure, it usually is not serious. However, if
blood pressure suddenly drops, it may indicate an underlying problem causing inadequate blood flow to the heart, brain, and other vital organs. Symptoms may include dizziness or lightheadedness.

What are some tips to prevent/control high blood pressure?

Healthy living is at the heart of preventing and controlling high blood pressure. Are you:
 Maintaining a healthy weight?
 Engaging in regular physical activity (fi ve 30-minute sessions of aerobic exercise and two
30-minute strength training sessions per week)?
 Eating a low-fat, high-nutrient diet (fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy foods, low sodium)?
 Limiting alcohol consumption?

References:
1. NIH – National Heart, Lung, Blood
Institute, www.nhlbi.nih.gov
2. American Heart Association,
www.heart.org
3. Blood Pressure Association (United
Kingdom), www.bpassoc.org.uk
Exceptional Doctors. Exceptional Care. Exceptional Results.
LivingWell
The Link Between Heart Health and Blood Pressure
February 2010
 

Dementia and Hypertension Linked Again

 Another study has found that hypertension may contribute to increased risk of dementia, this time with evidence of actual brain abnormalities. I previously wrote about the link between Hypertension and Alzheimer's disease.

This is especially relevant to those who are not controlling their blood pressure. Blood pressure is not something one feels is high or low. Specific medical evaluation, blood pressure test, is necessary. 

Data from an offshoot of the Women's Health Initiative found that participants' baseline blood pressure was strongly correlated with volume of lesions in their brains' white matter, according to Lewis Kuller, MD, DrPH, of the University of Pittsburgh, and colleagues.

Along with earlier studies linking blood pressure to clinical dementia, the evidence "supports tight control of blood pressure levels, especially beginning at younger and middle age as a possible and perhaps only way to prevent dementia," Kuller and colleagues concluded online in the Journal of Clinical Hypertension.

Treating hypertension in the elderly appears to protect against dementia and cognitive decline.  Uncontrolled hypertension in older patients increases the risk of cognitive impairment. Hypertensive patients had a 70% greater risk of non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment compared with nonhypertensive patients according to Christiane Reitz, M.D., Ph.D., of Columbia University in New York. (C Reitz et al. "Hypertension and the risk of mild cognitive impairment." International Society of Vascular Behavioral and Cognitive Disorders meeting, July 11-14, San Antonio. Final program and abstract book. Abstract O-6)

 

For each year an individual took medication to lower blood pressure, the risk of dementia decreased by about 3%, found Rita Peila, Ph.D., an epidemiologist at the National Institute on Aging and a scientist at the Pacific Health Research Institute in Honolulu.

My question is whether a person who controls their blood pressure and hypertension with medicine can decrease their risk of dementia to that of someone without hypertension.  I predict that other risk factors would need to be accounted for but, other things being equal, can a person with controlled high blood pressure eliminate the risk of dementia?

Do Cell Phones Prevent or Contribute to Alzheimer's?

Now the million of cell phone users have good reason to keep on talking.  It baffles my mind to learn of something typically regarded as negative being cast into a positive light.  Reminds me of Woody Allen's Sleeper where future scientists discover cigarette smoking and eating fat is healthy.

An international team of researchers studying the long term effects of electromagnetic waves like those emitted by cell phones on mice were surprised to find they protected their brains against Alzheimer's and even reversed the memory damage caused by the disease.

The neuroscientists, electrical engineers, and neurologists published the study and findings in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

The research results are exciting.  But since they occur in mice, the ultimate human affects are still not known.  Dr. Susan Sorenson, Alzheimer's Society Head of Research, comments, 'This study could open new doors in Alzheimer's research but it also poses some interesting questions that need answers. However, dementia research is dramatically underfunded. The government currently spends eight times less on dementia research than cancer research. In order to make further scientific advances dementia needs to be given higher priority.' 

"Electromagnetic Field Treatment Protects Against and Reverses Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Mice."
Gary W. Arendash, Juan Sanchez-Ramos, Takashi Mori, Malgorzata Mamcarz, Xiaoyang Lin, Melissa Runfeldt, Li Want, Guixin Zhang, Vasyl Sava, Juan Tan and Chuanhai Cao.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Volume 19:1 (January 2010).
 

Imaging Detects Alzheimer's

The American Medical Association (AMA) reports that PET (postron emission tomography) is able to detect the progression of Alzheimer's in patients with dementia.  Preclinical Alzheimer's disease can be detected by screening an individual's cerebrospinal fluid for biomarkers of the condition. In addition, imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) can detect deposits of the substance linked to dementia in living patients.

159 older adults (average age 71.5) who had undergone PET scans and did not have symptoms of dementia were assessed. These patients were followed for between 0.8 and 5.5 years after having the scan and underwent between two and six assessments for dementia during that timeframe.

A total of 23 participants progressed to clinically detectable dementia during follow-up, and nine were diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer type. These diagnoses were made by specialist clinicians who diagnosed the condition at an earlier stage than typically occurs and corroborated the diagnosis by declines in multiple cognitive domains as well as a loss of volume in certain areas of the brain.
 

If this new discovery can assist clinicians in detecting dementia and Alzheimer's symptoms earlier, treatment can be more effective.

This study provides support for the premise that preclinical Alzheimer's disease, detected by the cerebrospinal fluid signature for Alzheimer's disease predicts symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.  The study is published at Arch Neurol. 2009;66[12]:1469-1475.
 

Not Acting Your Age Can Be Healthy

Have you ever seen a 65 year old man with graying head driving with the top down in his brand new red Corvette?  Or how about the 80 year old great grandmother who thinks her jet black hair is fooling anybody?  Well these otherwise refusing-to-act-their age folks might just be on to something.

God bless my grandmother, Mary, 86 years young.  She lives with me and my family and we just got back from a Christmas Holiday cruise.  And that was her second cruise in 6 months!  We call her the energizer bunny for obvious reasons.

Therapies that can keep us younger longer might also push back the clock on Alzheimer's disease, suggests a new study of mice in the December 11th issue of the journal Cell, a Cell Press publication.

Reduction of insulin signaling is known to extend life span, but now Dillin and colleagues report that this strategy can also work to mitigate and forestall the affects of Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model.

Most cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit sporadic onset during the seventh decade of life or later, whereas the fewer mutation-linked, familial cases typically manifest during the fifth decade. These temporal features, common to numerous neurodegenerative diseases, define aging as the major risk factor for the development of these maladies (Amaducci and Tesco, 1994).

 

What is a Cluster Headache?

According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary:

    Cluster headache is "possibly due to a hypersensitivity to histamine; characterized by recurrent, severe, unilateral orbitotemporal headaches associated with ipsilateral photophobia, lacrimation, and nasal congestion."

Cluster headaches (also used in singular: headache), also nicknamed suicide headaches, occur several times a day, they come on unexpectedly, do not last long, and are generally very painful. The pain is usually intense, and sometimes only on one side of the head. Frequently, the sufferer also feels pain around the eye.

A cluster-headache sufferer can wake up during the night because of the pain. Often, this occurs at the same time each night. The eye on the painful side of the head may be reddened and watery. The individual's nose may be runny or blocked on the side of the nose where the pain is.

Read more here.

Storing Fat May Lead to Dementia

A new study published in the Scientific Journal Neurology reveals that women who store fat on their waist in middle age are more than twice as likely to develop dementia when they get older.

The most common symptoms of dementia are forgetfulness, impaired speech and problems with recognition and orientation. It is a condition that can affect all our mental faculties and which is more common as we get older. Around seven per cent of the population over the age of 65 and just over 20 per cent of the over-80s have severe dementia.

Dementia isn't a specific disease. Instead, it describes a group of symptoms affecting intellectual and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily functioning. It's caused by conditions or changes in the brain. Different types of dementia exist, depending on the cause. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type.

Memory loss generally occurs in dementia, but memory loss alone doesn't mean you have dementia. Dementia indicates problems with at least two brain functions, such as memory loss along with impaired judgment or language. Dementia can make you confused and unable to remember people and names. You may also experience changes in personality and social behavior. However, some causes of dementia are treatable and even reversible.

Dementia symptoms vary depending on the cause, but common signs and symptoms include:

Memory loss
Difficulty communicating
Inability to learn or remember new information
Difficulty with planning and organizing
Difficulty with coordination and motor functions
Personality changes
Inability to reason
Inappropriate behavior
Paranoia
Agitation
Hallucinations
 

Imaging and Diagnosis of Alzheimer's

A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) promises to improve diagnosis and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease.  Scientists at the University of California, San Diego have developed a fast and accurate method for quantifying subtle, sub-regional brain volume loss using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 

The general pattern of brain atrophy resulting from Alzheimer's disease has long been known through autopsy studies, but exploiting this knowledge toward accurate diagnosis and monitoring of the disease has only recently been made possible by improvements in computational algorithms that automate identification of brain structures with MRI. The new methods described in the study provide rapid identification of brain sub-regions combined with measures of change in these regions across time. The methods require at least two brain scans to be performed on the same MRI scanner over a period of several months. The new research shows that changes in the brain's memory regions, in particular a region of the temporal lobe called the entorhinal cortex, offer sensitive measures of the early stages of the disease.
 

New Treatment for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's

Researchers in the USA have discovered a potential new function for anti-epileptic drugs in treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The study, published in BioMed Central's open access journal Molecular Neurodegeneration, found that neurons in the brain were protected after treatment with T-type calcium-channel blockers, which are commonly used to treat epilepsy.

Read more here.

Alzheimer's Cognitive Declines Before Memory

A new study from a center for Alzheimer's research in the US suggests that cognitive skills other than memory, for example visuospatial skills that help us work out how objects relate to each other in three dimensions as we look at them, start to decline years before patients receive a clinical diagnosis for Alzheimer's.
 

In an article found at "Longitudinal Study of the Transition From Healthy Aging to Alzheimer Disease."
David K. Johnson; Martha Storandt; John C. Morris; James E. Galvin.
Arch Neurol, Oct 2009; 66: 1254 - 1259, conclusions were that pre-diagnosis events occur that currently do not fit into criteria for Alheimer's diagnosis.  Therefore what was formerly thought to be normal aging may actually be signs of Alzheimer's disease. 
 

The studies were funded by grants from the National Institute of Health.