Brain Injury Law Blog : Head Injury : Coma : Personal Injury : Las Vegas Nevada Lawyer & Attorney Tim Titolo

The Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience published a study by the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory concluding that the more gray matter you have in the decision-making, thought-processing part of your brain, the better your ability to evaluate rewards and consequences. The study shows this link between structure and function in healthy people -- and the impairment of both structure and function in people addicted to cocaine.

Differences in gray matter volume -- the amount of brain matter made up of nerve cell bodies, as opposed to the "white matter" axons that form the connections between cells -- have been observed in a range of neuropsychiatric diseases when compared with healthy states.

The test utilized MRI, EEG and P300 studies. To explore this structure-function relationship, the scientists performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans to measure brain volume in 17 healthy people and 22 cocaine users.

The implications are important for understanding the potential loss of control and disadvantageous decision-making that can occur in people suffering from drug addiction.  There are still questions about whether these changes in brain structure and function are a cause or a consequence of addiction. But the use of multimodal imaging techniques, as illustrated by this study, may open new ways to address these and other questions relevant to understanding human motivation in both health and disease states, with particular relevance to treating drug addiction.

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Lou Ruvo Brain Center - Working Together to Fight Alzheimer’s

This month I continue covering the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health. Recall last month a new Director was appointed. This month the Center is emphasizing its progress and plans for future progress.

Some perspective: There are 5.3 million Americans with Alzheimer’s disease (including 29,000 Nevadans). This number is estimated to reach 16 million by 2050. September 21 is World Alzheimer's Day – a day when the Alzheimer's Association joins with organizations and people around the globe to raise awareness about Alzheimer's and its impact on our families, communities and nations. Today, 35 million people worldwide are affected by Alzheimer's and related dementias, and this number is growing rapidly. World Alzheimer's Day is an opportunity to raise awareness about Alzheimer's disease and the need for more education, support and research.

The Lou Ruvo Center, located in downtown Las Vegas is consistently performing clinical studies and reaches out to all volunteers to help. Education is the goal, Jeffrey Cummings, a medical director at Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health explains, “Patients must participate in trials if there is to be any progress in developing new treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. Trials are critically important partnerships among patients and families, doctors and scientists to advance new treatments for the Alzheimer’s disease.” Las Vegas Sun Sept. 19, 2010.

The Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health has been in various stages of opening as construction was completed and is now fully operational. World Alzheimer’s day is September 21 and The Center announces it has great plans and hopes for finding a cure. And of course this gives Las Vegas some notoriety in the field of medicine – something most would agree is sorely needed.

First, While most previous drugs have failed, the drugs being tested today are based on years old science (it takes 7 to 10 years for a drug to be approved by the FDA) Since we now have a better understanding of which proteins damage the brain (build up of a toxic peptide called beta amyloid) we can be more focused. (See my post on July 15, 2009.)

Second, newer and better brain imaging technology and spinal fluid tests significantly affect drug development. This is revolutionizing the way we think about Alzheimer’s disease. These new imaging techniques give researchers a clearer picture of those likely to develop Alzheimer’s later in life at an earlier age.

Third, early diagnosis is a major goal. Since we are able to detect disease onset sooner, a patient may still make crucial decisions regarding care and more while their faculties are still more or less intact.   Participation in health care and other life decisions prior to intellectual decline is an important aspect of any patient’s care.

If you are interested in participating in clinical trials contact Cleveland Clinic’s Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health by clicking here.

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The American Association of Neurological Surgeons reported research on Depression this month.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in approximately 70 percent of cases in which antidepressant medications do not provide adequate relief of symptoms. However, as many as 20 to 50 percent of patients who initially respond well to ECT treatment, suffer a relapse within six months, therefore, periodic maintenance therapy is often required.

Researchers at three medical schools, Harvard, University of Pittsburg and Medical College of Wisconsin, counducted a study entitled "Long Term Follow-up of Cortical Stimulation to Treat Major Depressive Disorder."  They investigated ECT stimulation for patients with major depressive disorder.

The World Health Organization rates major depression as the top cause of disability worldwide, with an estimated 340 million people suffering from an episode of major depression every year. While most patients with major depression find relief through a combination of psychotherapy and medication, about 20 percent of patients fail to respond. Patients who are most resistant to medications, psychotherapies, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) have little hope of recovery, and suffer a heightened risk of suicide and mortality. Sadly, statistics show that the suicide rate in people with major depression is as high as 15 percent.

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